Present
1778-1998 Ivor Rees North Wales Marine Fauna Ad-hoc sightings shore and ship-based surveys
"On sand and shells - 2 female in berry" - Species originally marked as 'Spirontocaris pusiola' but ammened to 'Evalus'
Taken in plankton net, which had touched bottom
In Modiolus modiolus, 1 specimen found for 5 Modiolus
On sand shells, 1 female carrying eggs, several specimens taken
Numbers, parasitic thecate infusoria occasional in plumes
Large branched specimen. equivalent to Isodictya disimmilis (BWK.).
Several large specimens obtianed from fishermen; said to have been captured in drift nets used to catch bait for lobster pots but not in the pots themselves
"It was inside a soft, yellowish shell, resembling orange peel, which crumbled away as I handled it"
"1000's washed up on midday tide - many alive" - "Floats and whole spp varing in length from 1"- 2"" - Bad handwritting, unable to find a match on Worms website
"Aberdaron - numerous moched (?) floats" - "Floats and whole spp varing in length from 1’’- 2’’” - Bad handwritting, unable to find a match on Worms website
"Abundant on Echinus esculentus" Date marked as "20.8.89" assumed it is 1889 not 1989.
Large specimens. 6" carapace. common during spring and obtainable throughout summer
"Washed up on bottle - with eggs developing with L.anarfore" - Date marked as 12.x.58
"On bottle - small sterile" - Date marked 12.x.58
Species could be 'Velella velella' which was previously known as 'Holothuria spirans'
"Ler(?) almost(?) complete(?) spp. Numerous floats" - "Floats and whole spp varing in length from 1"- 2"" - Bad handwritting, unable to find a match on Worms website
Varying in length (float) from 9-25cms. Reports can be expected during Oct-Nov whenever there has been a prolonged spell of rough weather & strong winds from the SW
Adults & young - 5 tp 8 mm across. Young believed to be this species found attached to underside of stone, transparent red, no knots, outside the ring of tentacles, but coiled spino
2" long tube. Only specimen seen in the area.
encrusting, reddish orange. Acanthostyles 130u. Tornotes 150u. Sigmas 30u. Isochela 12-20u.
3 small pieces ca 1" diameter, 5mm thick, orange colour, abundant raphides present (400u long)
"Around circular Lamprey wounds on dead porpoise brought up by trawl; about 50 specimens"
1 females. Clinker and stones (Type ref: K1/2)
1 males. Inside yellow-orange shell like cor***, remains of Suberites domuncula
Said to be taken at Holyhead. FLB Rep III
"Tufnol panels on wooden framework - well developed animals, quaite large. Occasional - Mostly female"
"Amongst weeds on and under stones and ledges. Common"
"Under stones. 1 large male Rose coloured variety" - Species marked as 'Endeis spinosus' - no species recognised on Worms Website - Fuzzy match.
Young specimens, one with 2 diatoms in gut. 5-7 body segments
Medium- v. large. 1 on Halidrys, none on Zostera
"NONE found in sample of upwards of 50 hermits examined".
Species marked as 'Cingula (Hyala) proxima' Worms Website fuzzy matched it to 'Cingula proxima'
"Amongst algae in pools and in gullies. Sev. Spp. Taken"
"Amongst weeks on rocks; juveniles only; common"
"V. common, under stones, in crevices; Juveniles and adults"
"Floats" - "Floats and whole spp varing in length from 1"- 2"" - Bad handwritting, unable to find a match on Worms website
Under stones in lagoon on west side of bay.
1 small specimen under stone. 2" carapace
The only species present in a sample of upwards of 50 hermits examined
Very common, some very large specimens, under stones in gullies
Generally distributed, under boulders on rocky shores, throughout Anglesey and Caernarvon
Species difficult to decide on fixed material. Hooks of auranticus type, but possible to confuse with caliendrum
"Sampling stations established during the last few months of 1949 (at the following places) - Samples collected monthly by push-net during last 1½ hrs of ebb. Shrimps found abundantly (in each locality)
"Attached to the pectoral fin of Blennius pholis. 1 larva".
2.5-3.5cm some small ones probably young, S. plana 5-6mm
"Very abundant (Rhosneigr); Rather abundant (Llanfairfechan); Body length up to 0.8mm; Reproducing in Oct. and probably during most of the year."
"Moderatley common in isolated patches. Burrowing in muddy sand and moderate amount of organic matter - mature females and males"
"Several spp. Collected; in muddy sand and organic matter. Fully mature - Spawned in lab. Larvae ca. 1.5 - 2mm. June 1955"
"On Hyperoodon ampullatus; 180 on one side. 2 size groups females and males - Identified from Lutken (1873)"
"Fairly common within narrowly limited tidal zone"
"Rare in crevices - only 2 specimens seen"
"2 males each bearing 3 egg sacs - Rare in crevice"
"Very wet crevice. 2 males each bearing 3 egg sacs. Rare in crevice"
"Outer part of fairly wet and very wet rock crevices. Males; orange females with no eggs in brood pouch and green females with eggs or larvae in brood pouch have been observed. No young individuals have been seen in crevices - Very Common".
"Outer wet part of rock crevices. Males, females (brightly coloured) and larvae found throughout the year - larvae are not common in crevices".
"1 sp in rock crevice; female - seemingly ripe".
"Rock pools & pools understones. Common"
"In stomach of Liparis montagui - 4 spp largest 17mm"
"Common in crevices - but intertidal distribution sharply limited"
Several large specimens seen under stones in gullies
Common; in stones, and in Laminaria holdfasts
Found with Ascidia mentula, under stones
In pharynx of Ascidia mentula; two males obtained from 17 hosts examined. Preserved. Species undoubtably pisum according to "Faune de France"
"In burrows of fine sand on underside of stones in tidal pool near culvert - 3 spp only - Speciments mature 2 femal and 1 male"
"1 female and marsupial plates. 3 females with well developed male appendix. Female 5mm male 6-8mm. Fairly rare"
"In baulk of wood lodged between boulders, evidently been there many years - common"
Ripe, producing viable fertilisation. Gave rise to 15 nectochaeta larvae in 5 days
"Common; many berried; amongst Ascophyllum nodosum"
"Several very large spp., amongst Ascophyllum nodosum; some berried females" - Species name originally marked as 'Leander serratus' but changed by hand to 'Palaemon'.
"Widely distributed on most shallow shandy shores, through out the area, also regularly dredged offshore by trawlers"
Species originally marked as 'Spirontocaris pusiola' but ammened to 'Evalus'
Species marked 'Gemellaria loricata' but ammended by hand to 'Eucratea'.
"1 sp" - Species name originally marked as 'Thoralis cranchii (= Spirontocaris cranchii).
Square crab described by Philip Jones, Bosun Prince Madog. Trawned in Caenarvon Bay. Red/Brown colour, square with slight spines on carapace almost certainly this species.
Common on most rocky shore, with crevices and lose stones.
Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus
"Burrowing into muddy sand - Colonly of beetles extending over an area of ca. 50 sqr yds"
Numerous specimens collected or seen. Varying in length (float) from 9-25cms. Reports can be expected during Oct-Nov whenever there has been a prolonged spell of rough weather & strong winds from the SW
3.5 cm in height, orange yellow colour. 'Hyaena' 1886
Each attached to the posterior dorsal fin of a Cottus bubalis
"Filamentous green algae in rock pools - Several" - Species named as 'Rhombognathopsis seahami' but not recognised in Worms Website - closest was 'Rhombognathides seahami'
"Amongst weed debris, in tidal pools. Abundant all sizes".
1 pair of valves with ligament and most of periostracum
"1 male on hydroids" - Species marked as 'Achelea echinata (Hodge) = Ammothea.
Seemed nearer T. triserialis than T. setosus recorded previously
Small sp. Identified by tentacle arrangent, nematocysts 50ulong, suckers with shell & stones attached and general colour.
Characterised by an abundance of dark-granule-filled cells. Oxe up to 450u. Surface smooth, oscula not raised, surface layer cream-pink when fixed. Bundles of oxen forming network on surface.
The size of oxe disagrees with max. (330u) given for this species
Sigmas(?) absent, agreeing with Bowerbank's descriptions (vol II p133) but not with Arudt (p91). Identified by form of sponge, size of area (210u) & taxa (60u)..
"Rather abundant Rhosneigr, not rare Ch. Is.; max. body length 1.2m; Reproduces Oct (and probably throughout the year"
"Very abundant (Rhosneigr) and frequent at the other localities; Reproducing x. 1956"
"2 spp. Only, about 3/4" long; under stones; did not spawn in laboratory"
"Amongst red algae and cladophora from rock pools and stones - fairly common"
"Amongst red algae and Cladophora on stones and in rock pools - Sparse"
"Amongst red algae and Cladophora from rock pools and stones - v. common"
"Under boulder in lake - 1 female in loory (?) - Adult common"
"Amongst red algae and Cladophora on stones - common"
"Found amongst stones in gully. 1 empty shell, 1 small sp. Alive"
"1 sp with ovigerous legs but no lawal (?)" - Species marked as 'Endeis spinosus' - no species recognised on Worms Website - Fuzzy match.
"In rock pools above LWEST. Rockpools and under stones, amongst weeds at low water. Very common wide range of sizes"
"1 sp. Ca 9" collected by local fisherwoman"
"1 sp. Male carrying eggs; under rock ledges, amongst weeds"
"Some large spp. 8-9cm" - Species name originally marked as 'Leander serratus' but changed by hand to 'Palaemon'.
"Rock pools, net sweeping through Halidrys silquosa - 2 spp: on catch alive rare (?) light - both purple antennia and uropodes" - Species named as 'Praunus neglecta' - Worms website fuzzy matched it to 'Praunus neglectus'
"Under boulder in shallow pool on shore in Ascophyllum zone. 1 ripe male. 1 good sized sp. And few small ones"
Under stones in rock pools, no berries seen. Very common, varying sizes but mainly small.
3 specimens selected from many Macropodia for their long rostra, had opening on base of antennular peduncle, rostrum length = Bouviers diagram
2 specimens. I specimen in berry in rock pool, amongst Halidrys siliquosa
Large pool. 1 female not in berry. Covered with algae (24 Laminaria, max length 53 cm)
In lagoon, adults common. 1 female in berry
1 specimen; under stone, south side of reef
Several specimens seen; under stone, south side of reef
"Amongst red algae in pools on stones - common"
"Amongst red algae in pools on stones - common" - Species name marked as 'Cingulopsis (T=Cingula) fulgida'
"Amongst red algae on Polygoa - Fairly common"
"Rock pool, under large stone - numerous small spp. ¼-½" long (2 preserved)"
"Amongst red algae in pools and on stones - breeding - common"
"Rock pool, under large stone. Numerous samll spp. ¼" - ½" long (2 preserved)"
"On surface of gribbles, moving freely, difficult to remove; 2 on 210 Limnoria lignorum, 2 on 1 of 7 Chelura terebrans."
"One only in 110 hosts examined; in Eupagurus bernardus".
Common under stones, north side of centre reef. Several females in berry
Mortality reported. Many said to be an abnormal colour beneath abdomen - greenish blue instead of pink
1 infected (ca.150 mature and immature cysts).
Unsure of location due to handwriting - '(no card at all - make out 'type' ref card)' written by hand.
Very common, large specimens. In L. cloustoni hold-fasts, & S.bulbosa
"6 ml offshore centre Caernarvan Bay 9½ fm. Sand and Gravel"
"Under stone on sand in bay between last reef and church; Much rotting weed present. Found swimming in water on turning stone, easily seen. 2 specimens only found."
"2 spp. Under stones L.W.S.T. these stones were resting on sand in gully South of Island and there was much half rotted seaweed and rubbish about and under and around stones."
"Abundant. 0.3-0.7cm in length; reproducing May-Oct."
"Algae debris in 2"y S.W. breeding. Few spp."
"Large numbers in crevices of rock, L.W.S.T. Associated with Lasaea ruba and Leucopepla bidentata".
Under stone at waters edge. 1 specimen 6" long
"In Balanus balanoides. Several with embryos and hatching larvae. Abundant infecting from 5% to 20%. Less common at Clynnog"
Found in coarse townetting; Megalopa larvae common
"numerous floats" - "Floats and whole spp varing in length from 1"- 2"" - Bad handwritting, unable to find a match on Worms website
"Abundant and readily collected with diving helmet whilst bathing at low water, but not at high water"
On sand. Several collected while bathing with an underwater mask
Washed up. 1 specimen carapace 1" diameter. Female
Surface tow netting, Several zooeae; found in plankton
"On dredged Halichondria; Abundant; Most of the adult females with embryos"
"About 10 specimens, on dredged Halichondria"
"Fairly abundant. Seemed larger individuals than those commonly found in Didemnidae; in dredged Halichondria; many with full brood pouches"
Two specimens had commensal Mysella and one had commensal harmathoe
One whole exoskeleton and one carapce washed up on beach
Shape of head and colouration corresponds closely to that figured and described. Pale head, darker at the extreme tip. No clearly marled posterior region, although colouration gradually becomes paler towards the end. No tail although the animal appeared entire. The size, thick body form and smooth texture correspond.
"Burrowing in sand and under weed - very common"
"Several" - Species name originally marked as 'Leander serratus' but changed by hand to 'Palaemon'.
Species name entered as 'Venus (venus) verrucosa'
"One on a small hermit. One of 3 hosts examined".
"1 sp 1.1/4" long; from amongst weeds etc, caught in shrimp net"
"Amongst loose weeds and debris; 2 male + 2 female, 1 femal + eggs in larval pouch"
Species name not recognised in Worms website
"1 sp. Attached to wooden quarry truck (derelict)".
"Abundant in wood of derelict quarry truck on shore - LWMT"
"Under stones 1 burried female" - Species originally marked as 'Spirontocaris pusiola' but ammened to 'Evalus'
"Common nr. Low water channel in outer estuary"
difficult to identify in fixed condition
5 and 4 in two out of 3 Raia examined. Like D. fallax except that bothridia are stalked
"On weed - Common - Many with eggs on ovigerous legs"
"Under stones in v. shallow water big male with male appendage. Male 6-8mm. Female + junvenile. 6mm max female. Almost 10 in all. Covered with ???? Deposit. In poor condition"
"One female was taken in the bottom townet, in 20 f. length 6mm (from 12th Annual Report 1898)."
"With D. rubra of which it way be adult male (R. Newstead)" - Date maked as "20 Sept. '88" assumed 1888 not 1988.
Species: 'Lilljeborgia (pallida)' changed to 'Lilljeborgia brevicornis' in pen
"from ambulacral grooves of c. starfish" - Species marked as 'Tryphosella horingii' but changed to 'tryphosa' by hand.
Original species name: Halirages bispinosus "R. Newstead"
"Abundantly" Species originally marked as "(Calliopus norvegicus)" but corrected in pen.
"3 or 4 sp - Female and eggs from Bull Bay"
Occasional between tide marks throughout district
Never found in purely sandy or muddy localities prefers shell debris, gravel rough ground
Severl large specimens male and female. Shell gravel.
5 specimens, male and female. 2 copulated in lab.
Several species, amongst stones and shells
"Two, amongst coralline algae scraped from stones in a pool"
This species seems distinct from L. rufoviride. Ventral sucker is nearly double the size of the oral sucker and the eggs are almost spherical
Tile exposed from 1st week in Sept to last week in nov 1949
Three specimens in general characters & particularly in the form of their dorsal bristles, appear to belong to this species
Always appear to be of this species. See results of special investigations for exact settlement period.
Still ? By hinge after 15 years. Norytiss laid since 1932
"Found on rough gravel bottom, which ripped the Agassiz trawl; quite abundant. This species occurs frequently in dredge hauls from the Straits, e.g. 3 in haul 209 from channel opp. Penmon quarry, 1 in 205, N.E. of Gallows Point, 1 in 204, N.E. of Bangor Pier"
Placed provisionally as A. klebsi, but this species and A. Herdmanni, A. rhyncocephalum and probably others are confused, and need revision (D Ballantine).
"Abundant in oyster racks and trays - racks last 3/4 years, trays 2 years, damaged mainly due to Limnoria"
"Another summer 1947 - 1 large dead shell"
44 living specimens and many dead valves
"1 specimen from among escallops (P. maximus)".
"Off Dulas Island. 13-15 fm. Sand and shells. Dredged with sponges and ascidians"
Amongst Razor shells Ensis ensis. Dresge full of fine specimens.
Single specimen with 4 scas of Peltogaster?
Species name marked as 'Eualus pusiola = Spirontocaris'
"Associated with Limnoria lignorum - abundant, outnumbering L. lignorum ca. 9il"
"Boring in groynes with L.quadripunctata. V.common"
"Washed up, a few large colonies (?) " - Date marked 14.1x.1958.
Others taken by other collecotrs on v coarse sand
"Amongst Fucus vesiculosus on boulders. Common. Male and female spp. In copula"
"In gribble tunnels in wooden groyne - 2 fully grown larvae - 3 or 4 adults also"
"Common, with Limnoria in wooden beach piles"
"3 females out of 100 barnacles examined - mid tide"
1 specimens collected. 1 females in berry
50 smallish stones dredged encrusted with numerous tubes of species
"Collected from barnacle encrusted Homarus vulgaris (Homarus gammarus); 5 specimens all female; 1 with well developed embryos"
1 species in inhabited tube of Thelepus cinncinatus (??This either goes with this record or one below??)
Translucence of tube is characteristic. The forms which are common inside hermit crab shells and on lobsters probably belong to one or two distinct species
"3 off large Rhizostoma; Stranded at Plasnewydd; Also on Rhisostoma"
"1 sp. Amongst empty shells and stones in oyster dredge"
"Habitat - stony bottom. Abundant in dredge hauls. It was abundant in channel opp. Rhianfa, 9.7.51"
Generally distributed in suitable habitats throughout Anglesey and Caernarvon shores
Art. Ferts. Always succesful; breeding Mar-Apr
a larva with an acute prostomium resembled that figured by Thorson (1946) as probably belonging to this species. Another was seen in November.
2 clusters of 15 and 16 eggs and 3 solitary. 2 adult specimens at base of cepholic shield and 2 newly hatched specimens near egg clusters
"Occurs in late June, maybe common initial mid-september, then odd spp. Until Decemeber. Breeding adults - some with young in brood pouches."
"Here very abundant; adults + juveniles; appears in early June not found after August"
"Females and males present; same females with younger in brood pouch; First appearance July present until end of August, thence odd spp. until December"
"Abundant in wood piles, driftwood etc."
"Abundant on raft. Some v. large spp. 3 cm"
"Embedded in the sponge Halichondriella"
"Abundant" - Date marked as April (no year)
"Hyaena Cruise" - Species: '(Ptilocheirus) pectinatus' changed to 'Leptocheirus pectinatus'
Species marked as "(Podocerus) cumbrensis changed to Microjassa Cumbrensis"
Species originally marked as 'Podocerus variegatus' but changed to 'Jassa Falcata' by hand
Species originally marked as 'Pontcrates arenarius' but changed to 'Pontocrates altamarinus' by hand
"Plankton - Variable up to 2.5cm - common with B.craumis. (?) P.pileus"
"Large shoals, 5mm - 2 cm length, associated with B. cneumis (?) . B. infundibulum (?)"
"Variable from 5mm - 1.0 cm. Common in large shoals with B. infundibulum (?) and P. pileus"
"Digging dredge in channel of Straits where channel of Ogwen River runs in"
"Male and Female on small Eupagurus bernhardus. 1 of about 10 ex'd".
Species originally marked as 'Paramphithoe assimilis'
"(Egg capsules spawned in aquarium). Found in Menai Straits"
"Fairly common, under stones and amongst weed at L. water and offshore" - Species name originally marked as 'Thoralis cranchii (= Spirontocaris cranchii).
Difficult to identify but established by pink lat(?) in(?) cords & habit of fragmenting Proboscis. Swim like leeches.
1 and 5 on 2 S.vulgaris. Found commonly on susequent occasions in 1953
"Dredged" - Species name not recognised in Worms.
2 small in haul 16, 5 in 17, 1 in 124 and 5 in 126. No large live ones seen, large are abundant just outside line of moorings
"Under stone, in F. serratus zone. 1 large sp"
"Under stones, attached to hydroids. Very com."
Few large specimens several small specimens.
"Amongst shells, stones and weed in Plymouth Dredge; 1 sp. - seemed fully mature female"
In oyster dredge off stony bottom; parasitised by Sacculina
"Undersides of stones in gravel, clay and destritus"
"Undersides of stones in fine gravel, clay and detritus"
"Under stones on gravel, clay and detritus"
Type ref T. Date. A very uniform sample of about 20 specimens all about the same size and all small. Largest 48 mm long. All of a reddish hue (perhaps colour is correlated with substrate derived from red limestone.
20 hosts, several specimens found. No record of frequency
Not present in 2 hosts which contained Tetraphyllids, 2 heads obtained in 3 hosts and not noticed if Tetraphyllids also present.
Several found with commensual Montacuta ferruginosa
At elwst most were fully grown but higher about lwst most were smaller.
Several empty tests - specimens abundant.
Several specimens, living and some empty tests.
1/4 infested, hundreds of cercariae liberated at a rate of around 20 a day (Indistinguishable from those of Rees (1947 J.M.B.A 26, 602), suggested adult H.typicus from horse mackerel but more likely H.minor from more common dabs, suggested by Odhner).
"One from water in which stone and old shells were standing".
"63.5% in Pinnotheres from Modiolus. 6% (Moults only) in Pinnotheres from Mytilus, Ogwen Fish Weir"
"1 specimen belived to be ectoparasitic on sea anemones - there was an anemone in the same sample - station 9"
"Coll. In sledge - mounted plankton net"
"1 speciman; Station Decca Red E0.7, Greeb C31.9"
Species named as 'Podoceropsis (excavata) nitida'
"On gill wall of Gadus merlangus - 1 sp"
"Collected in sledge - mounted plankton net"
"Few living spp taken in otter trawl, from hard bottom"
"LWST. And reef ab about mid tide. Tidal pools, and water line at Penmon end. Common"
"Under stones. Breeding. Many spp. All sizes and stages of development"
"153 Modiolus, yield 144 with at least 1 Pinnotherion. 140 female Pinnotherion yield 15 female Pinnotherion. Ca 50% of female Pinnotherion lone Male"
"Trawled Sandy Bottom; Few Spp. Moderate size"
Collected by MAFF, Specimen in BM, BM reg 1973:529
3 medium sized specimens. 2.5" from tail to rost
Several specimens, otter trawl - variable hard bottom
Several specimens in Agaziz dredge and shrimp trawl
Understones, amongst rocks at Penmon side of bay
Common; several female specimens in berry; in Modiolus modiolus stony-sand bottom
Several specimens, some berried females; sandy-hard bottom
Several in push net. 1 with Sacculina. Carapace width 3.5-4cm
"Male" - Species: '(Autone) longipes' - changed to 'Lembos longipes' in pen
"Sev. Spp." - Species originally named as 'Unciola irrorata' but changed to 'Unciola crenatipalma' by hand
About 100 majority with several Montacuta
very large spp. Each 2 1/2 ft; mature females
No gonophores seen, probably common on hydroids (?)
1 large colony. loose but recently detached. With ripe gonophores
Absent due to silting up of area where previously found, following mussel spat fall.
Found on scattered gravel banks, buried in the substrate with pedal disattached to large quantity of gravel
1 small piece. Spiculation(?) agrees with description in Bowerbank IV p56 & Arndt
brown lobulated, surface ciliated, 3" diameter
Agrees well with description by Stephens Proc. R. Irish. Acad. Church Is. Survey. Vol 59. Except that micro diatines(?) are 330u long instead of 180u
2" square: about 2mms thick, light brown
stalk 1cm, body 7mm very similar to description giben in Bowerbank
Several specimens. 1" across. Recognised by surface conules(?), spongin fibres, colour change in alcohol (lime green to purple blue).
Identified by shape of taxa, smoothness of spicules branching of skeletal columns, spicule sizes (except for maximum size of acanthostyles 550u)
Ripe, producing a natural fertilisation which gave rise to healthy trochophores
"Rather abundant; No reproducing animal observed x. 1956"
"Gill chamber of Galathea squamifera; Ripe female plus dwarf male; Swellin on right side of carapace conspicuous"
"One on stone - Identity checked by W.M.T. (F.W.R.B.)
"Several" - Species named as 'Heteromysis formosa' but not recognised in Worms Website - known as 'Heteromysis (Heteromysis) formosa'.
"Single specimen, female; under stone in surface water" - Species named as 'Heteromysis formosa' but not recognised in Worms Website - known as 'Heteromysis (Heteromysis) formosa'.
"1 sp. Under stone L.W.E.S.T. on E. side of gully 3. (numbering from E to W)"
"Submerged on Dynamena sp. And various sponges - 1 female sp."
"Gully I. Under stone - with larvae hatchling - Several spp" - Not sure as to the location 'Gully I' due to handwritting
"Communal with Spatangus purpureus on vential surface near mouth - 1 sp"
"Tululania (?) gullies and neighbouring pools - Common"
"Gravel beds at mouth of gully I - 1 sp"
"Underside of boulder - 1 sp moderate size"
Species name entered as 'Littorina littoralis', the closest name on Worms website is 'Littorina obtusata littoralis'
"Amongst weed on under surface rock ledge. 1 sp. Coll."
"Fairly common; in shallow pools under stones, in gully"
"1 from 100 host ex'd; 2 from 320 host ex'd"
"2 females (+ males) on 600 hosts. All in nucella shells".
"On weed. 1 red sp." - Species marked as 'Endeis spinosus' - no species recognised on Worms Website - Fuzzy match.
"Amongst weed at entrance to 2nd gully".
"Single sp; taken from a dead piece of Halichondria"
"1 sp. - but others collected; under stone in gully"
"2 spciemens; caught in net at low water"
"On Tealia in far gully at Church Island and on Metridium trawled 1 mile S.E. of Puffin - Very common"
"1 sp on shore" - Species name originally marked as 'Thoralis cranchii (= Spirontocaris cranchii).
"1 sp in pool, 1st gully" - Species name originally marked as 'Thoralis cranchii (= Spirontocaris cranchii).
"Very numerous. Lives (?) on back in little home in Halichondria panicea"
Of 5 individuals examined from under stones at Low Water Extreme Spring Tide. East side of gully at Church Island, one was infected with parasitic isopod (Possibly ?Pleurocrypta sp) in gill cavity. Eggs hatching 27/03/1948
Several under stones; one female in berry
Large specimens fairly common; in rocky area west of island, under stones and boulders
fan-like; specimen 1" x 3" x 1/4" deeply cleft
7-9 gills only. Diff from typical bicornis in structure of setae, and the ornamentation of the elytra
Many specimens in Turritella and other small shells
Recently dead specimen taken with push net in 26 foot tide.
"Common in tidal pools throughout district"
"Abundant among algae throughout the district"
"Young sp. C. tidal pools. Spring & summer"
"Not abundant" - Species name originally marked as 'Leander serratus' but changed by hand to 'Palaemon'.
Unsure of location due to handwriting - '(make out new (continued) card for this record)' written by hand.
"2 ml. NIO" - Species name marked as Batheporeia guilliamsoniana' but Worms website fuzzy match corrected this to 'Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana'
"Just hatching" - Species name 'Pleurobranchus plumule' not recognised by Worms Website
"Sometimes abundant in tidal pools" - Species named as 'Praunus neglecta' - Worms website fuzzy matched it to 'Praunus neglectus'
"Abundant under stones between tide marks"
"Common" Original species name: Aora Gracilis
"1 sp" - Species marked as 'Ammothea echinata = Achelea echinata (Hodge).
Common around coast, in most areas chiefly below L.W.M
"In immence numbers, in company with Bembidion and other Coleoptra"
"Lived in aquarium for Iyr. Died 30th July"
"Dredge haul between measured 1/2 ml. mk E. of Pier"
"Several oyster dredge hauls between measured 1/2 ml. marks E. of Pier"
"few fesh spp" - "Floats and whole spp varing in length from 1"- 2"" - Bad handwritting, unable to find a match on Worms website or recognise the location
"Many specimens - rock crevice - up to 1cm long"
Species marked as 'Odostomia lukisi' Worms Website fuzzy match 'Odostomia lukisii'
Several bearing eggs, readily discharged if disturbed
With eggs & bursa cop. with many spermatozoa
"Most with embryos. V. abundant. Ca. 200 spp from under 1 stone"
Ocassional in trawl. Several specimens in dredge
"On Aphrodite aculeata in agassing trawl - 3 specimens"
Common in Modiolus. 100% whenever examined 1933/40 nearly always male and female together
"On balanus(?) porcallus - Scyphistomae(?) - Stobilated(?) 26.2.88 - Abundant - Photographed" - Bad handwritting unsure of location
"among Tubularia larynx on pontoon floats; br.; female omigeous; pale white chery red eyes, deep red bases and ischia on P3 & P4"
"Amongst tufts of Tubularia larynx on the floats of the pontoon; 2 adult female, both ovigerous, pinkish brown when freshly dead"
"Among Tubularia larynx - 2 adults - 1 ovigerous male - Larvae plentiful in polyps, older larvae creeping on hydroid"
"1 sp; Origorous (?) female; pale yellow, heavily blotched with brown"
young worms sometimes found with parchment tubes twining amongst hydroids dreged and trawled near puffin island
Length 2cm. Breeding, eggs & sperm. Eggs & sperm in different segments.
1 containing several lamellibranch veligers(?)
Jagersten quoted by Bergen (1953), is correct in regarding this as a species distinct from S. borealis. It always has a ribbed tube and tentacles with a long terminal filament.
up to 1.3cm long - all alive and healthy
40 eggs with chitinous egg shell around; eggs also shed inside the Sagitta. 1 sp of Derogenes in Sagitta
"Fairly common; about half female with embryos; specimens also found at M.T.L. in crevices and in empty balanus shells"
Species marked as: "Meta phoxus (phoxocephalus) ?fultoni"
"In fine townetting; one larva about to metamorphose"
"Very abundant in many species of Ascidians in the Menai Straits"
Species marked as 'Tryphosana (Kroyer)' but marked '=T. sarsi (Bonnier)' by hand.
patches. several small pieces e.g. 1.5cms thick x 5 x 5 cms approx. Distinguished from M. incrustans by (a) absence of isocheles >30u (b) presence of 3 thorns at ends of many dermal tornotes (c) sigma <32u
"Digging dredge" - "visible at low tide"
Large specimen. 84 rad. Canals, Tents more numerous than canals. 72 lips. Ident. Russell 1939.
"Stones and dead shells - Several large sp"
"In shrimp trawl; about 100, majority with several Montacuta"
"Under stones. 2 sps" - Species originally marked as 'Spirontocaris pusiola' but ammened to 'Evalus'
"Under stones. Few spp" - '24.1.81' written very small next to the date in blue pen
"Small pilus(?) under stones - Several spp. Noted"
"Under boulder in crevice - male sp. Spawned in lab - several spp. Taken"
"On hydroids under boulders - 1 sp. Taken"
"Under stones - Egg capsules in Trididemnum tenerum - Several spp. Noted"
"Amongst gravel and boulders - 1 sp only taken from 3 noted"
"Boring in limestone boulders - common where anlniate(?) available"
"Under boulders on rock crevices - Common"
"Under stone - with egg mass - sev spp noted 1 taken"
"Under boulders - Common + egg capsules of Lamellaria perspicua"
"Burrowing in old posts on shore. Males & Females. V.c. in association with Chelura tenebrans"
"Amongst gravel and boulders. 1 sp. Only taken from 3 noted"
"Sev. Large spp. In gravel at stream mouth"
Under stones. 1 berried - eggs hatched in lab. 2 large specimens
"Shells frequent" - Date entered as '11.x.58' month unknown
"Reefs abundant" - Date marked as '11.x.58' no month mentioned.
"Washed up, recently dead - normal size" - Species named as 'Maia sqinado' - Date marked as '11.x.58' no month mentioned.
"In tide pool - small specimen" - Date marked as '11.x.58' no month given
"Under rocks in sand - Large specimen 4cm across" - Date marked as '11.x.58' no month given
"Under stones" - Date given as '11.x.58' no month given
"Shells common" - date marked as '11.x.58' no month given
"Large 10cm long" - Date marked as '11.x.58' no month given
Under rocks on sand. Large specimens 4cm across
Very many green eggs were produced, embedded in shapeless and indefinite, yet firm mass of mucus
"Haul with oyster dredge outside moorings near Meani Bridge"
"Common, amongst dredged shells and stones"
"On surface of Ascophyllum nodosum - Several spp taken"
Thin brown slimy encrustation. Approx 2" x 3" draimeter. Well characterised by spicules. Acanthostyles, 140 x 6 u. anisostrongyles, 230 x 4 u.
white. Distinguished from L. lacunosa by size of spicules (<200u) and by absence of monaxonid spicules
small specimens, the largest with 2 or 3 oscula only
"Several. Common in basement rooms of Y.H.A. Hostel, Cae Coch. 1940"
"1 sp. In rock pool, under rocks at upper limit of Laminaria zone"
"Not common - Several sp. At Cae Coch shore under stones. Not extending below Ascophyllum zone and pt. below HWM"
"1 sp. No eggs; under stones, amongst hydroids and weed"
"On Pandalus montagui from dredge; one (another from same location in May, pointing to about 10% infection of this host)"
"Several in mud from digging dredge. Several seen when diving amongst piles N. of Menai Bridge pier float in 1954"
Specimen resembles Eunereis longissima (ECS)
Found in muddy gravel with shells in haul 126 of digging dredge; one male. A female in berry was taken on opposite side of channgel in Sept (haul 131).
"Opp. Rhianfa and digging dredge end of Bangor Pier on S. end of Gt. Orme"
heavy infection in 2 out of 30 examined. arcaria larvae. More present in previous years. This record made on V. course hence ref. to previous years.
At least 5% of individuals infected. Up to 7 individuals in one host. Precentage with embryos well developed, having eyes and younger stages, 1-3 in capsules.
2 fully ripe males with mobile sperm; 1 ripe female; others spent
"In mantle fluid of cockle. Probably fortuitous. Suggests it is very common; Distribution - Norway, Europe, Britain, Biscay. Fossil in New World."
"Very abundant, in stream; 5-36 eggs per brood"
"Very abundant; 11-40 eggs per brood, January-May" - Species: marked as 'Marinogammarus (Gammarus) marinus'
Species 'Lora rufa' was not recognised by Worms website
"Off Bangor Pier 5pm. With E. bernhardus"
"Dredge haul between measured 1/2ml.mk. Of pier"
Usual large spp. 1 mature male - spawned in lab, several females
Nearly 100% infection. Sporocysts full of cercariae; tails lost when active. Penetratum glands 6, stain with neutral red. Not checked with Lebour's figures. Differs from C. ubiquitoides in (a) 6 gland cells, (b) strong staining with neutral red.
About 5 in one individual.. Strongly positive to light. Golden brown colour, compared with paler colour in P. cardii. Guts full of green & yellow granuales. Size 0.7 - 0.8mms. Smaller than P. cardii. Small individuals not apprently in reproductive state.
When found manubria were pale green in colour. Found in haul which lasted for 1 hour.
"Males and female found on dors. Surf . Of abdomen of Eupagurus bernhardus in Turritella shell after examining ca. 12. (Found H.A.C.). (Identified H.G.Jackson).
"One adult female from 200 barnacles (B. balanoides) examined".
"Few spp. In shallow pools at extreme seaward tip of reef - crawling on L. digitata frond.
"Rare" - Species: Entered as 'Marinogammarus (Gammarus) finmarchicus'
"In an area of sewage discharge; 6-23 eggs per brood. Abundant"
"1 sp. (small); tube amongst stones and boulders in gravelly sand, at tip of reef"
"Under stones; 1 sp. With Flabelligera affinis amongst spines"
"One under stones near Bangor Pier, near l.w." - Species originally marked as 'Spirontocaris pusiola' but ammened to 'Evalus'
"1 sp., amongst weeds" - Species name originally marked as 'Leander serratus' but changed by hand to 'Palaemon'.
"With Tubularia larynx in supports of last flight of steps"
"1 sp under stone at water's edge" - Species name originally marked as 'Thoralis cranchii (= Spirontocaris cranchii).
Menai Straits, Fisheries Laboratory Bangor, Rep III (AOW)
"e.g. fine sand of Dovey Estuary (Watkin, 1941)"
"Occasionally in water of somewhat reduced salinity"
"Fairly dry, well watered sandy places at outer edge of marsh. Only males found abundantly. Ca. 3mm. Abundant in patches"
"Saltmarsh pools, bottom covered with leaves etc. Male + well devel app mark. Female without eggs or marsupuim. Male 9-4mm (16 spp). Female + juveniles. 7.5-3mm. (14 spp). V.common"
"Present Lancs Sea Fish Lab Rept XXI 1913" - Location handwritting pretty hard to read - Possibly Morecambe Bay Lightship - there was a Morecambe Bay Lightship during this period but it is outside the north Wales site further north-east.
1 in berry dug near extreme L.W opposite Smelly Lane, Bangor
"Many with Agassiz Trawl - including females in berry"
"Several with Agassiz trawl working in mid-channel" - Species name originally marked as 'Leander serratus' but changed by hand to 'Palaemon'.
"Artificial fertilization successful - Common"
"Rough stony bottom. Artificial fertilization successful. Common"
The form which is common in clean sand at Black Rocks and Red Wharf Bay and which resembles O limacina, but has about 19 pairs of branchiae, is this species. Tebble, 1952. On 3 species of the genus Ophelia (Polychaeta) from British and adjacent waters. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 12, vol. 15, 553-71
"Trawled about 1 mile W. of 10 ft. buoy"
Ships trawl and dredge. Several specimens
"Otter trawl. In Modiolus modiolus in Pinnotheres pisum; male and females"
"Standard (habitat) - female ovary well developed - 4'3" (130cm) 66 lbs"
"Deep pools of Beaumaris Bay, Large spp - Frequently dredged"
"Fairly common; several spp. Taken from the tube of Cerianthus lloydi"
"One sp." - Species name originally marked as 'Leander squilla' but changed to 'Palaemon elegans' by hand.
"Beaumaris, E.L.W. Considerable numbers, spp. Up to 8" diam. Nearly always accompanied by Podalirius typicus or paxillae"
12 or so in gut of individual, 50% infection; Large trophosoites 130u.
"Very frequent; Probably reproducing all the year"
"Digging dredge in the channel of Straits where Ogwen River runs in"
3 out of 4 C. conger, 7 out of 56 G. merlangus, 1 out of 1 S. salar infected
4 out of 4 C. conger & 15 out of 56 G. merlangus infected
31 out of 1530 Littorina littorea infested
20 out of 1530 Littorina littorea infested
2 out of 1530 Littorina littorea infested
1 out of 1530 Littorina littorea infested
12 out of 1530 Littorina littorea infested
"Digging dredge opposite Life Boat Station"
"Oyster dredges in channel from opp. Battery Hill in Friars Road"
"Oyster dredges in channel from opp. Battery Hill in Friars"
"Digging dredge" - Species name marked as 'Cellopora pumicosa' Worms website fuzzy matched it to ' Cellepora pumicosa' or 'Callopora pumicosa'
"Dredge haul" - Species name 'Cratena coerulea' not recognised by Worms Website
"6 in stramin net" - Species name originally marked as 'Schistomysis inornata' but corrected to ' Schistomysis (in)ornata'.
Ripe, eggs & sperm liberated, ant. fert. successful
"Six in stramin net, near surface at night"
"Trawl about one mile W. of 10ft. Bouy - between Puffin and R.W.B."
Several trawled; about 12 trawled 1 mile SE of Puffin, Jan 1952
"Path with 100's/m2 found several times just SW of pipeline in Scrolicularia zone".
"Abundant; numerous berried females; on edge of sand bank"
"Specimen whilst showing serratum features lacked setae"
Reproducing X/1956 and probably during most of the year
10 hauls on 3rd and 4th feb 1955 at same location yielded 10 more specimens, most hauls blank
10 hauls yielded 10 more specimens, most hauls blank but several yielded three specimens
"Trawled" - Species name 'Euphurus claviger' not recognised by Worms Website
"New trawl" - Species name marked as 'Ephesia gracillus' Worms website fuzzy match corrected it to 'Ephesia gracilis'
1 burrowing, one on surface. 1 specimen with Montacuta substriata
Found in searching for Saccoglossus cambrensis, distinctively pale mauve and very full of mucus
This was almost certainly O. borealis (see Tebble, 1952)
Ripe & Spawning. Tube building larvae found
2 found in 1 out of 5 Echinocardium examined
Sample varies from small up to 60mm long. Colour varies from yellow to red. Chiefly at east end of this ground. Has long been extinct over most of central and west parts.
Living in lab tank containing sacloglossus
1 living 3 shells, common in patches often with sacloglossus
No suckers. Pale orange coloured with longitudinal white stripes. Brown spots on these stripes at top of column (cinclides).Rows of cinclides at margin of base. Tentacles transparent with two longitudinal black lines on oval face. Penicilli about 50u (on acoutia).
Pale in colour with greenish top to column. Nematocysts on acoutia less than 30u (penicilli). Acoutia not protruded readily.
Occasional over the area, (no Cereus pedunculatus found and previous records of this species at this locality probably refer to S. troglodytes).
1" thick, 2 x 1.5", orange, large tylostyles 530u (one 650u), small 180-200u
5mm thick. Soft, fleshy, dirty pink surface. Simple tornotes 260u
1 piece covering area of 1sq in. Brown in colour, spiculation charactersitic..
encrusting, small, hemispherical orange colour.
small specimens taken, papillae short, large tylostyles 730u, small tylostyles 200u, yellow encrusting on rock
Approx 3inch diameter, 1inch high. Several small colonies seen on other rocks on lower shore, but may have been Myxilla incrustans.
Overgrowing large boulder. Extensive specimen; at least 6" across. Violet brown colour. Thick branched tubes (cf. sp. Dataed Apl '54, Rhosneigr)
half dozen small specimens taken; Distinguished from S. domuncula by complete absence of microscleres & by tylostyles exceeding 500u (dated specimen).
"Mid fucus spiralis level, under stones"
"Largely above Pelvetia level. EHWS - MHWS - Under stones"
several moderately sized specimens + Montacuta ferruginosa
"On Ascophyllum Fucus vesiculosus; 2 female 17-18mm long; 1 male 27mm long; 1 female with embryos well developed colour yellow-orange"
"Probably incorrect identification due to fault in key in Chevreux and Fape (1925)
"Abundant. Amongst Laminaria" - Species named as 'Praunus neglecta' - Worms website fuzzy matched it to 'Praunus neglectus'
"Several collected" - Species originally named 'Doninia exoleta' but Worms Website fuzzy matched it to 'Dosinia exoleta'
"Sabella pavonina Sanguy var. bicornata Hornell found in sand, LWST, at Black Rocks. This variety, originally described from Hilbre Island, the existence of which led to the suppression of the genus Spirographis (Ewer, 1945) is common here"
"Burrowing in sand, outer edge of reef; 2 spp. 1 burrowing 1 on surface. 1 sp. + Montacuta substriata."
"In sand and gravel - 4 spp collected" - Date marked as 6.x.58
"Common, but localized to very restricted areas of the beach"
1 sp (damaged) dug straight out from Barnea bed and close to North end of big rock
1 females; on surface of sand in channel
No eyes visible on either specimen, but otherwise agrees with description in McIntosh, Vol. 1 - pale; reddish over ganglion; a red streak down each side. Deep groove on each side of head, red within. Brown patch on dorsum. Caudal process.
About 20 with many Montacuta substrinata and several Malmgrenia castanea
Abundant Amonst mussels on Menai Bridge Pier float
"In otter tawl; about 20 with many Montacuta substriata and several Malmgrenia castanea."
Trawled by "Beta". In shell of Fusus sp. 1 large specimen
"From Peacrabs in Modiolus trawled near Puffin Island; Three males from 7 Peacrabs examined; no females"
"6 males, 23 females from 26 Modiolus trawled; 1 female parasited by Pinnotherion"
"In wtd. Townet; sev. Spp. All v. small (WAH & others)
"In weighted townet; 1 sp. (WAH)" - Species originally marked as 'Typhosa ciliata' then changed to 'Orchomenella nana' before changing to 'Orchomene nana'
"In weighted townet - 3 spp. (WAH)" - Species marked as 'Tryphosella horingii' but changed to 'tryphosa' by hand.
"Abundant in shell of dredged Hermit Crab"
"In buccinum shell with hermit crab - 1 specimen 8mm long"
1 male and 1 female in berry. 2 specimens only out of a dozen examined
1 speices in Mussel Dredge on Laevicardium ground. PM Trip 35/68
Trawled several including berried female
V large 6.5cm x 16mm (including bristles)
In this district essentially shore species
1890 now shown the 2 sponges - outer layer Suberites domuncula (Hanitsch PLBS IV) but other sponge still regarded as new & alone name retained
"On compound ascidians. With Tritaeta gibbosa - Male T. Gibbosa"
Identification checked by J Allen now Thracia villosiuscula
"One yound male in tow net" - Originally species marked as "Hyperoche tauriformis" but "Doubtful - probably H. Kroyeri" entered as a note.
Species originally marked as 'Orchomenella (ciliata)'
Species originally marked as 'Janassa capillata'.
"1 male and 2 female. 3 spp" - Species marked as 'Endeis spinosus' - no species recognised on Worms Website - Fuzzy match.
Very common on shores of Puffin Island, generally under surfaces of irregular fragments of calciferous limestone
"Otter trawl" - Species name 'Duvaucelia plebia' not recognised by Worms Website
"3 spp. Of this species" - Species marked as 'Endeis spinosus' - no species recognised on Worms Website - Fuzzy match.
Date marked April and May - not year given
Original species name: Halirages bispinosus
"1 sp." - Species originally marked as 'Orchomene goesii' changed to 'Nannonyx goesii'
"3 or 4 spp." - Species originally entered as "Proto ventricosa"
"Several fully developed spp." - Species originally marked as ' Aegina phasma' but changed to 'Pseudoprotella phasma' by hand.
"Many on the Aber Cockle Beds - Left by tide"
"Dredged along with Alcyonium - 2 large spp. Fairly common in this area" - Not sure of location, best guess due to handwritting
"One taken in stramin net at surface 2300 hrs"
"Stramin townetting at surface at 2300 hours - One"
"Several in stramin net near surface at night"
"Two, in stramin net, near surface, after sunset"
Species name entered as 'Rista maculata', worms website fuzzy matched to 'Pista maculata'
"1 female in berry in yound fish trawl" - Species originally marked as 'Spirontocaris pusiola' but ammened to 'Evalus'
One; in fine sand in digging dredge haul 247
"One; stramin townetting near surface at 2300 hrs"
Halichondria (Halichondria) semitubulosa
grey specimen at entrance, cream speciment in inner recesses(?).
"1 large sp, white eyes, freckled brown" Species originally marked as Atylus schmammerdamii.
"In weighted tow-net (WAH); 1 sp. 4mm. Long"
"2 sp. Female" - Species: "(Podocerus ocius) Jassa ocia (Bate)"
"1 sp. Female" - Species: 'Maera (longimana)' changed to 'Maera othonis' by hand.
Podocerus isopops not found on Worms Website
"[Card made out for PHOTIS LONGICAUDATUS Bate (?)]; 1 female sp. With ova"
"In Pea Crab (P. pisum). Many males and 2 females with eggs & embryos in about 35 female hosts ex'd"
Several species on stone and weed; carapace 1.5", chelipeds 3-4"
Stones and weed. 1 male, 1 female in berry.
"1 small sp. 2mm. (I.C.T.) - Species originally marked as 'Podocerus capillatus'
"Stomach contents of Raja trachyderma. Sev. Spp."
"1 sp. Trawled, on inside of encrusted oyster shell"
"Sand beside River Leri - 44 per sq. foot in one sample"
"at densities of about 40 per sq. foot in drier patches of sand"
"Quite large samples collected (about 50); carrying eggs in July, but not December" - Date marked as "July and Dec" no year.
"Several, amongst trawle hydroids and Alcyonium"
<http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/4326> POINT (53.33 -3.995)
"Most abundant in fine sand and shell, also v.fine, medium and coarse sand and shells"
"Turid plates - budding naginol (?) - Preches (?) of frequently fixed in 3:1 - uidiniles (?) (30-40) on hand" - Handwritting very hard to read and location outside the North Wales area
"Tupol (?) plates - budding 7cm stags - Fixed in beaunis (?) at 3:1 - Patches of dansel (?) placed individuals (20-30) on panel (?)" - Handwritting very bad and unable to find species name, this is also location outside of North Wales.
"Collected by ICT, darker colour than C. Bay spp"
Species named as 'Praunus neglecta' - Worms website fuzzy matched it to 'Praunus neglectus'
One reported by B.Lord (of We'll Try), ths only one he head seen from the area in many years experience
Reported by H.Paynter to be commonly taken by Bardsey lobster fishermen
Abundant; very widely distributed on shores and in dredge and trawl hauls
Locally abundanct; amongst loosely piled rocks and stones, e.g. half tide rock. Not observed in dredge hauls, perhaps because of difficulty of dredging on such grounds
"Lancs Sea-Fish Lab. Rep. 1906" - Species marked as: "Meta phoxus (phoxocephalus) ?fultoni'
"Common on N. Wales coast" - Species originally marked as 'Paramphithoe bicuspis'
25-30u. Tank contained 40-50 lobsters, probably high and food plentiful.
Absent for several years (formerly plentiful)
Species originally marked as "(Calliopus norvegicus)" but corrected in pen.
"Collected round Llandudno. Near Life boat st."
Congregating in clumps of from 2- 10 individuals, as though breeding.
Juveniles and adults, both stages abundant. Under stones
Tanks filled June 10th & 11th 1949 and given several part changes last week in July. Presumably entered as larvae in June. Not previously recorded from district - littoral in Cornwall
"Most abundant in sand and shell. Nos.low when organic material present"
6 out of 300-400 Mytilus edulis infected